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Isocitrate dehydrogenases catalyze the oxidative decarboxylation of isocitrate to 2-oxoglutarate. These enzymes belong to two distinct subclasses, one of which utilizes NAD(+) as the electron acceptor and the other NADP(+). Five isocitrate dehydrogenases have been reported: three NAD(+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenases, which localize to the mitochondrial matrix, and two NADP(+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenases, one of which is mitochondrial and the other predominantly cytosolic. Each NADP(+)-dependent isozyme is a homodimer. The protein encoded by this gene is the NADP(+)-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase found in the cytoplasm and peroxisomes. It contains the PTS-1 peroxisomal targeting signal sequence. The presence of this enzyme in peroxisomes suggests roles in the regeneration of NADPH for intraperoxisomal reductions, such as the conversion of 2, 4-dienoyl-CoAs to 3-enoyl-CoAs, as well as in peroxisomal reactions that consume 2-oxoglutarate, namely the alpha-hydroxylation of phytanic acid. The cytoplasmic enzyme serves a significant role in cytoplasmic NADPH production.
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Protein Aliases: Cytosolic NADP-isocitrate dehydrogenase; epididymis luminal protein 216; epididymis secretory protein Li 26; IDH; IDPc; isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (NADP+); isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (NADP+), soluble; Isocitrate dehydrogenase [NADP] cytoplasmic; NADP(+)-specific ICDH; NADP+-specific ICDH; NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase, cytosolic; NADP-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase, peroxisomal; OTTHUMP00000206464; OTTHUMP00000206465; OTTHUMP00000206466; Oxalosuccinate decarboxylase
Gene Aliases: HEL-216; HEL-S-26; IDCD; IDH; IDH1; IDP; IDPC; PICD
UniProt ID: (Human) O75874
Entrez Gene ID: (Human) 3417
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